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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 19:03 
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I always ask my fellow cabin flyers to maintain silence during the approach and ideally silence until we arrive and shut down at the ramp.

I instructed the right seater (niece) to not talk during the approach, which she did mostly. She hasn't flown that much with me.

My wife knows when to talk or not, she's got 1000+ hours in the air with me and is quite helpful. I expect her to mention ground contact.

Mother in law generally doesn't say much. She's got 80+ hours in the air with me.

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I try to stay on instruments until the Missed Approach Decision point or earlier only if it is very clear that the landing can be successfully made.

Given it was near minimums, calling the runway and the MAP are basically the same point. I only call the runway when I feel it is clear I can land, and this was the case here.

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Once the pilot is heads-up from investigating the passengers excitement of seeing the ground..... well...given that moment of inattention...close to the ground ..this could cause the pilot to disengage from a stable approach.

That is a pilot who probably should adopt personal minimums that would have precluded attempting this approach in the first place.

If they would crash a fully functional airplane from a slight passenger utterance, then they got no chance handling any sort of failure or other non routine situation in these conditions. You have to have mental headroom to handle the unexpected. So they need to operate under less load than this approach. There was definitely a time I was that kind of pilot, so this isn't a slight against them. As Clint would say, "a pilot has got to know their limitations".

Mike C.

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Last edited on 30 May 2018, 23:16, edited 1 time in total.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 20:08 
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Username Protected wrote:
It looks like you might have ducked under the glide slope when you got ground contact based on your touch down point.

Stayed on glideslope until I called runway in sight, then switched to visual approach.

Runway 19 has an overrun (prerun?) of ~700 ft and a displaced threshold of ~800 ft, making the threshold appear to be ~1500 ft after the pavement starts. In the rain and not being familiar, I put it down on the numbers, 250 ft past the threshold, which seemed pretty far down the runway at the time (1750 ft from pavement start).

I never saw the PAPI, perhaps due to the rain, perhaps it was not on. Playing the video, I can't see them either.

Mike C.


Not to rag on you, but here's some constructive comments. Although you were flying single pilot, the approach should be briefed as soon as you know what approach you are going to get, single pilot should still cover all aspects of the approach briefing too. Very often this briefing can be done before top of descent while you still have the autopilot engaged.

You would have noted that the Landing Distance Available (LDA) on runway 19 at Farmington was 6157 feet; that's beyond the landing threshold (numbers.) Even with a glide slope intersecting the runway 1000 feet from the threshold, it still leaves you more than 5000 feet for roll out.

One of the essential practices on flying a glide slope in low ceiling and visibility is "hold what ya got" meaning in heading and pitch attitude coming down the glide slope when you break out. Otherwise you quickly switch from a stabilized approach to a destabilized approach close to the ground.

There is always an illusion present with low ceiling , low visibility approaches. At a 200 foot DA, 1/2 mile visibility, about all you are going to see when you break out is the approach lights then the threshold environment making it look like you are too high when you are not, then unnecessarily diving for the runway, when in this case you had 6000 feet of it to land on in front of you, even though you weren't able to see the other end at DA.

Those are just some comments from my perspective; nobody is immune from doing things like that. We were going into 4R at JFK one night, at minimums, 200 and a half and a 25 knot cross wind. 4R is only 8400 feet long, pretty tight for a loaded 747 on a wet runway, but doable.

We were flying with two captains that night, and it was the other captains leg, I was in the right seat. He was doing a great job, had the needles centered all the way down. Neither one of us picked up on the fact that although he had the needles centered, we were in about a 20 degree crab to the left.

We broke out right at minimums, and I called runway in sight at 1 o'clock. He looked up, saw the runway out the right windshield and turned toward it. In a blink we were lined up on the right side edge lights at 50 feet, he quickly got it back to the left, and I think we missed the edge lights by about 10 feet. Because of the long body of the 747, the mains were lined up with the centerline with the needle centered, but the nose was off to the left in the crab. The correct thing to do was to just hold that sight picture breaking out and in the flare lower the wing in a cross wind landing, straightening out the nose just before touch down. Good thing the runway was 200 feet wide. :eek: "Hold what ya got." :D

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 20:12 
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I was surprised at the slow speeds -- essentially how I flew the P-Baron in LIFR. Flew higher ceilings at 140 kts or 160 if asked to keep the speed up. I guess I was expecting 250 kts at the beginning of the video, slowing through to 160 at GS intercept based upon other posts.

Nothing wrong, just different than my expectation.


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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 20:54 
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That was a sweet video :thumbup:

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 23:14 
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Username Protected wrote:
I was surprised at the slow speeds -- essentially how I flew the P-Baron in LIFR. Flew higher ceilings at 140 kts or 160 if asked to keep the speed up. I guess I was expecting 250 kts at the beginning of the video, slowing through to 160 at GS intercept based upon other posts.

Don't forget the speed display is ground speed derived from the GPS in the camera.

Indicated airspeed was significantly higher as the winds at 2000 ft were pretty strong as is typical for winds blowing in off the ocean heavy with rain. As I descend on the glideslope, the winds die off and the ground speed increases. During this time, the indicated airspeed is pretty stable at about 135 KIAS.

Mike C.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 23:45 
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Username Protected wrote:
Although you were flying single pilot, the approach should be briefed as soon as you know what approach you are going to get

The video starts after I received ATIS, loaded the approach, and brief it. I had already been cleared direct ZOSAB, the IAF, though not cleared for the approach. I decided to cut the video at the moment I got cleared for the approach. I was thinking about cutting it even shorter, it already over 10 minutes.

Even so, I usually recheck the missed before intercept one more time.

Quote:
You would have noted that the Landing Distance Available (LDA) on runway 19 at Farmington was 6157 feet;

You quoted the number for runway 14, not runway 19.

Runway 19 has 4727 ft LDA. That would be ~3700 ft from touchdown marker to runway end. Still not a concern in a turboprop even with the water everywhere. With a jet, and the very real potential for hydroplaning, I'd seriously consider putting it on the numbers to give me as much runway as I can get.

Quote:
One of the essential practices on flying a glide slope in low ceiling and visibility is "hold what ya got" meaning in heading and pitch attitude coming down the glide slope when you break out.

I thought I did that reasonably well.

Unlike a jet, I have to slow down from about 135 KIAS to around 110 KIAS by runway threshold, so there's things changing in the final bit of the approach. In this case, the speed reading at runway sighting was 138 knots, at threshold 109 knots, about right.

Quote:
There is always an illusion present with low ceiling , low visibility approaches. At a 200 foot DA, 1/2 mile visibility, about all you are going to see when you break out is the approach lights then the threshold environment making it look like you are too high when you are not, then unnecessarily diving for the runway, when in this case you had 6000 feet of it to land on in front of you, even though you weren't able to see the other end at DA.

Again, you are using the wrong distances for this runway.

There are 1500 ft of paved surface before the threshold. There will be no obstructions or risks to fly over that part, so not an issue. On this runway, landing "short" is FAR better than longer long.

Quote:
Neither one of us picked up on the fact that although he had the needles centered, we were in about a 20 degree crab to the left.

Seems weird to me. Are you guys so fight director fixated you can't compare heading to course on the compass? Noting my wind correction angle is something I always do to prepare myself for the runway sighting. You have to look where the runway will be to see it and it helps set my expectations for the crosswind technique I will need.

In my video, a pretty decent crosswind from the left, and my heading in approach was held into the the visual segment.

Quote:
Good thing the runway was 200 feet wide.

This flight departed KCEF. The runway is 300 ft wide and over 11,000 ft long. That is the widest runway I have ever seen. If I ever need to do a zero/zero landing in that area, that's the runway to choose. Can't hardly miss it.

Mike C.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 30 May 2018, 23:59 
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The Sundstrand in the Commanders are not very reliable. I'm assuming it's the same in the MU-2?

On one 840 I went with my mechanic to do an inspection on, the Sundstrand had been overhauled 13 times in 15 years! I kid you not. That's an extreme example, but it can happen. They don't like Max Flow and you have to change oil in them religiously. If you do that I hear they're pretty reliable.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 01:17 
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Username Protected wrote:
The Sundstrand in the Commanders are not very reliable. I'm assuming it's the same in the MU-2?

Mine has been quite reliable. Only problem ever was with the electrical controls, mostly from faulty temperature sensors (thermistors). The core turbine is very simple and has worked all the time.

Quote:
On one 840 I went with my mechanic to do an inspection on, the Sundstrand had been overhauled 13 times in 15 years! I kid you not.

That's very atypical in my experience. This suggests poor debugging (overhaul at first fault) and/or something in the airframe that is breaking it, or a bad mechanic.

My ACM was last overhauled about 20 years ago.

Quote:
They don't like Max Flow and you have to change oil in them religiously.

The oil change interval is 500 hours.

Mike C.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 10:32 
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I think Adam meant to say you need to check the oil often in the old style ACM that were put in the Commanders, not change the oil.

Not much of an issue any more as most Commanders have been changed to a different system. The newer system has been very reliable and includes a Freon AC unit which works great in the hot weather.

The third option is a Peter Schiff unit. It eliminates bleed air in the cabin and actually claims to improve aircraft performance. It is pricey.

Are there options to change to a better system on the MU-2 that would provide better AC?


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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 10:50 
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Username Protected wrote:
Although you were flying single pilot, the approach should be briefed as soon as you know what approach you are going to get

The video starts after I received ATIS, loaded the approach, and brief it. I had already been cleared direct ZOSAB, the IAF, though not cleared for the approach. I decided to cut the video at the moment I got cleared for the approach. I was thinking about cutting it even shorter, it already over 10 minutes.

Even so, I usually recheck the missed before intercept one more time.

Quote:
You would have noted that the Landing Distance Available (LDA) on runway 19 at Farmington was 6157 feet;

You quoted the number for runway 14, not runway 19.

Runway 19 has 4727 ft LDA. That would be ~3700 ft from touchdown marker to runway end. Still not a concern in a turboprop even with the water everywhere. With a jet, and the very real potential for hydroplaning, I'd seriously consider putting it on the numbers to give me as much runway as I can get.

Quote:
One of the essential practices on flying a glide slope in low ceiling and visibility is "hold what ya got" meaning in heading and pitch attitude coming down the glide slope when you break out.

I thought I did that reasonably well.

Unlike a jet, I have to slow down from about 135 KIAS to around 110 KIAS by runway threshold, so there's things changing in the final bit of the approach. In this case, the speed reading at runway sighting was 138 knots, at threshold 109 knots, about right.

Quote:
There is always an illusion present with low ceiling , low visibility approaches. At a 200 foot DA, 1/2 mile visibility, about all you are going to see when you break out is the approach lights then the threshold environment making it look like you are too high when you are not, then unnecessarily diving for the runway, when in this case you had 6000 feet of it to land on in front of you, even though you weren't able to see the other end at DA.

Again, you are using the wrong distances for this runway.

There are 1500 ft of paved surface before the threshold. There will be no obstructions or risks to fly over that part, so not an issue. On this runway, landing "short" is FAR better than longer long.

Quote:
Neither one of us picked up on the fact that although he had the needles centered, we were in about a 20 degree crab to the left.

Seems weird to me. Are you guys so fight director fixated you can't compare heading to course on the compass? Noting my wind correction angle is something I always do to prepare myself for the runway sighting. You have to look where the runway will be to see it and it helps set my expectations for the crosswind technique I will need.

In my video, a pretty decent crosswind from the left, and my heading in approach was held into the the visual segment.

Quote:
Good thing the runway was 200 feet wide.

This flight departed KCEF. The runway is 300 ft wide and over 11,000 ft long. That is the widest runway I have ever seen. If I ever need to do a zero/zero landing in that area, that's the runway to choose. Can't hardly miss it.

Mike C.


You're right, I got the wrong runway number, but the distances were still more than adequate.

Why do you have to slow from 135 knots to cross the threshold at 110? What's your Vref , 110 or 135?

So if you were flying a jet to this runway, you would fly the glide slope to DA, then dive for the numbers when you breakout? A stabilized approach is both speed and sink rate; you're doing neither. You accepted the shorter runway, 19, with a 70 degree crosswind, when the longer runway, 14, had a 20 degree crosswind. Tower reported wind 120 at 7 gusting to 14. I don't know what the ATIS said when you got it. Then you dove for the numbers because of the "short" runway.

If you were flying a jet, I would hope you would have asked for the longer runway.

You thought you did "reasonably well" in "hold what ya got", but yet broke out, then dove for the numbers, changing speed from 135 knots to 110.

You said the controller should know your altitude because he has a scope, thinking it was an odd question the controller asked. If he hadn't verified your altitude, he can't use it.

I just threw those comments out there, but go ahead and rationalize your own techniques.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 11:20 
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Username Protected wrote:
Why do you have to slow from 135 knots to cross the threshold at 110? What's your Vref , 110 or 135?

The approach is flown at about 135 KIAS. At MDA, with runway in sight, you slow to Vref over the threshold.

This is typical turboprop profile, not a jet profile.

Quote:
So if you were flying a jet to this runway, you fly the glide slope to DA, then dive for the numbers when you breakout? A stabilized approach is both speed and sink rate; you're doing neither.

"Dive" is being a bit dramatic.

From the MAP on this approach, the 3.2 degree GS to runway is 4,776 ft away. I touched down 4,000 ft away with 1750 ft of pavement behind me. The GS TCH is 60 ft, I crossed at 15 ft, so a 45 ft altitude difference. The PAPI is setup to cross the threshold at 39 ft, BTW, for a 3 degree visual slope, so not coincident with the approach.

Quote:
go ahead and rationalize your own techniques.

Thank you. I was getting worried you expected me to fit within your perceptions of how I should fly my plane.

Mike C.

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Last edited on 31 May 2018, 11:24, edited 2 times in total.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 11:23 
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Username Protected wrote:
You said the controller should know your altitude because he has a scope, thinking it was an odd question the controller asked. If he hadn't verified your altitude, he can't use it.

It was previously verified with that controller at check in. The entire flight is not on the video.

To receive that particular question at that time is unusual in my experience suggesting that maybe there's an issue with my mode C, or his scope, or something else.

Mike C.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 11:28 
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Username Protected wrote:
I think Adam meant to say you need to check the oil often in the old style ACM that were put in the Commanders, not change the oil.

I've never personally checked it, maintenance does that.

Operates from a cup of oil and uses wicks to carry that to the bearings. Seems to work.

Quote:
Not much of an issue any more as most Commanders have been changed to a different system. The newer system has been very reliable and includes a Freon AC unit which works great in the hot weather.

A few MU2s have vapor cycle, nice to use for cabin precool. There is a weight penalty. Not very common.

Quote:
The third option is a Peter Schiff unit. It eliminates bleed air in the cabin and actually claims to improve aircraft performance. It is pricey.

Neat idea in concept, all electric pressurization and cooling. It would be interesting to see how it works in real life, what the cost/weight penalties are.

Mike C.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 11:33 
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Quote:
Quote:
The third option is a Peter Schiff unit. It eliminates bleed air in the cabin and actually claims to improve aircraft performance. It is pricey.

Neat idea in concept, all electric pressurization and cooling. It would be interesting to see how it works in real life, what the cost/weight penalties are.


Peter Schiff is my father's younger brother's son. I would love to be a fly on the wall of the two of you sitting down for a chat. You both would realize that you are long lost identical twins. Electrical, mechanical geniuses who are clever to boot.

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 Post subject: Re: Flying the MU2
PostPosted: 31 May 2018, 11:41 
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Username Protected wrote:
Why do you have to slow from 135 knots to cross the threshold at 110? What's your Vref , 110 or 135?

The approach is flown at about 135 KIAS. At MDA, with runway in sight, you slow to Vref over the threshold.

This is typical turboprop profile, not a jet profile.

Quote:
So if you were flying a jet to this runway, you fly the glide slope to DA, then dive for the numbers when you breakout? A stabilized approach is both speed and sink rate; you're doing neither.

"Dive" is being a bit dramatic.

From the MAP on this approach, the 3.2 degree GS to runway is 4,776 ft away. I touched down 4,000 ft away with 1750 ft of pavement behind me. The GS TCH is 60 ft, I crossed at 15 ft, so a 45 ft altitude difference. The PAPI is setup to cross the threshold at 39 ft, BTW, for a 3 degree visual slope, so not coincident with the approach.

Quote:
go ahead and rationalize your own techniques.

Thank you. I was getting worried you expected me to fit within your perceptions of how I should fly my plane.

Mike C.


Why not stabilize by 500 feet?

"Thank you, I was getting worried you expected me to fit within your perception of how I should fly my plane."

Nah, I wouldn't do that because I don't think you would accept anybody's perception of how to fly your plane. :D

Last edited on 31 May 2018, 12:09, edited 1 time in total.

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